{"id":10315,"date":"2025-10-06T02:29:00","date_gmt":"2025-10-06T02:29:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.donotdestroy.com\/index\/796595373136297984-2\/"},"modified":"2026-02-01T04:54:37","modified_gmt":"2026-01-31T21:54:37","slug":"796595373136297984-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.donotdestroy.com\/index\/796595373136297984-2\/","title":{"rendered":"796595373136297984"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1><\/h1>\n<h1>Illegal Voting by Non-Citizens in the U.S.: Facts, Statistics, and Context<\/h1>\n<p>Here\u2019s a summary of what credible research and reporting tell us about the scale of illegal voting by non-citizens in the U.S., along with how uncertain the estimates are:<\/p>\n<h2>What Studies &#038; Investigations Show<\/h2>\n<p><b>1. Very rare occurrence in practice<\/b> <\/p>\n<p>The Brennan Center for Justice reviewed many state investigations and court cases and found that confirmed instances of non-citizens voting are extremely rare. (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.brennancenter.org\/our-work\/research-reports\/noncitizen-voting-vanishingly-rare?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">Brennan Center for Justice<\/a>) For example:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>One study found only 14 convictions of non-citizens for voting over the first three years of a DOJ fraud initiative. (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.brennancenter.org\/our-work\/research-reports\/noncitizen-voting-vanishingly-rare?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">Brennan Center for Justice<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li>In large states or in investigations with many hundreds of thousands or millions of registered voters, the number of non-citizens found to have voted is often in double digits. (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.brennancenter.org\/our-work\/research-reports\/analysis-noncitizen-voting-vanishingly-rare?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">Brennan Center for Justice<\/a>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>2. Specific state findings<\/b> <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>In <b>Iowa<\/b>, a review found <b>35 non-citizens voted<\/b> in the 2024 general election, out of more than 1.6 million voters. (<a href=\"https:\/\/apnews.com\/article\/1badfb99ab7ef21a6fb176d2867d51e5?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">AP News<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li>Also in Iowa, there were <b>277 non-citizens registered<\/b> among about 2.3 million registered voters. (<a href=\"https:\/\/apnews.com\/article\/1badfb99ab7ef21a6fb176d2867d51e5?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">AP News<\/a>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>These numbers are very small fractions of total voters or registrations. (<a href=\"https:\/\/apnews.com\/article\/1badfb99ab7ef21a6fb176d2867d51e5?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">AP News<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p><b>3. Claims with larger estimates, but high uncertainty<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>A study by Just Facts in 2024 claimed that <b>10%-27%<\/b> of non-citizen adults are illegally registered to vote. (<a href=\"https:\/\/justfacts.org\/news_non-citizen_voter_registration?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">justfacts.org<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li>That estimate implies 2-5 million non-citizen adults could be registered to vote. (<a href=\"https:\/\/justfacts.org\/news_non-citizen_voter_registration?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">justfacts.org<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li>The same study projects that <b>5%-13%<\/b> of non-citizens might illegally vote in federal elections, which translates (on their model) to <b>1.0 million to 2.7 million<\/b> illegal votes in certain elections unless additional safeguards are in place. (<a href=\"https:\/\/justfacts.org\/news_non-citizen_voter_registration?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">justfacts.org<\/a>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>But many experts caution that these larger estimates are highly uncertain because of small sample sizes, potential misreporting, issues identifying non-citizens vs. naturalized citizens, and methodological challenges. (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.snopes.com\/fact-check\/non-citizens-voting\/?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">Snopes<\/a>)<\/p>\n<h2>What to Keep in Mind: Limitations &#038; Context<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b>\u201cRegistered non-citizen\u201d \u2260 \u201cnon-citizen who voted\u201d<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Being on a voter registration roll doesn\u2019t always mean someone actually voted. Some studies estimate registration but not actual votes. (<a href=\"https:\/\/justfacts.org\/news_non-citizen_voter_registration?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">justfacts.org<\/a>) <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Misidentification &#038; data errors<\/b> <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Some people report they\u2019re non-citizens but later naturalize, or there are errors in matching names\/records. Some investigations turn up registrations attributed to \u201cnon-citizens\u201d that actually were already citizens or that there was no proof the person voted. (<a href=\"https:\/\/apnews.com\/article\/1badfb99ab7ef21a6fb176d2867d51e5?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">AP News<\/a>) <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Extremely small impact<\/b> <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Even in studies that find non-citizen voting, it\u2019s almost always so small in number that it is not considered to affect the outcome of elections in a meaningful way. (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.brennancenter.org\/our-work\/research-reports\/noncitizen-voting-vanishingly-rare?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">Brennan Center for Justice<\/a>)<\/p>\n<h2>Bottom Line<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Illegal voting by non-citizens <i>does happen<\/i> but confirmed cases are very rare.<\/li>\n<li>Estimations that suggest high numbers (millions) are disputed and involve big uncertainties.<\/li>\n<li>In most states and most elections, the fraction of votes cast by non-citizens is so small that it\u2019s negligible in terms of impact.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Illegal Voting by Non-Citizens in the U.S.: Facts, Statistics, and &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12749],"tags":[12424,7954,817,662,9191,6040,7937,3255,4818,7388,4702,12242,11259,7552,637,6937,5667,4226],"class_list":["post-10315","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-tumblr","tag-arkansas","tag-biden","tag-chatgpt","tag-conspiracy","tag-conspiracy-theories","tag-democracy","tag-democrats","tag-donald-trump","tag-facts","tag-fake-news","tag-hatred","tag-illegal-immigration","tag-immigrants","tag-joe-biden","tag-racism","tag-republicans","tag-trump","tag-vote"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>796595373136297984 - Do Not Destroy<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.donotdestroy.com\/index\/796595373136297984-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"796595373136297984 - Do Not Destroy\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Illegal Voting by Non-Citizens in the U.S.: Facts, Statistics, and &hellip;\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.donotdestroy.com\/index\/796595373136297984-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Do Not Destroy\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-10-06T02:29:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-01-31T21:54:37+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"The Do Not Destroy Team\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"The Do Not Destroy Team\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.donotdestroy.com\\\/index\\\/796595373136297984-2\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.donotdestroy.com\\\/index\\\/796595373136297984-2\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"The Do Not Destroy Team\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.donotdestroy.com\\\/index\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/e94b0eb1b8ea31aa86611ece5b65514d\"},\"headline\":\"796595373136297984\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-10-06T02:29:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-01-31T21:54:37+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.donotdestroy.com\\\/index\\\/796595373136297984-2\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":456,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.donotdestroy.com\\\/index\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/e94b0eb1b8ea31aa86611ece5b65514d\"},\"keywords\":[\"arkansas\",\"biden\",\"chatgpt\",\"Conspiracy\",\"conspiracy theories\",\"democracy\",\"democrats\",\"Donald Trump\",\"facts\",\"fake news\",\"hatred\",\"illegal immigration\",\"immigrants\",\"Joe Biden\",\"racism\",\"Republicans\",\"Trump\",\"VOTE\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Tumblr\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.donotdestroy.com\\\/index\\\/796595373136297984-2\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.donotdestroy.com\\\/index\\\/796595373136297984-2\\\/\",\"name\":\"796595373136297984 - Do Not Destroy\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.donotdestroy.com\\\/index\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2025-10-06T02:29:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-01-31T21:54:37+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.donotdestroy.com\\\/index\\\/796595373136297984-2\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.donotdestroy.com\\\/index\\\/796595373136297984-2\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.donotdestroy.com\\\/index\\\/796595373136297984-2\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.donotdestroy.com\\\/index\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"796595373136297984\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.donotdestroy.com\\\/index\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.donotdestroy.com\\\/index\\\/\",\"name\":\"Do Not Destroy\",\"description\":\"Culture-Forward\\\/ Brand-Backward\u2122\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.donotdestroy.com\\\/index\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/e94b0eb1b8ea31aa86611ece5b65514d\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.donotdestroy.com\\\/index\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":[\"Person\",\"Organization\"],\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.donotdestroy.com\\\/index\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/e94b0eb1b8ea31aa86611ece5b65514d\",\"name\":\"The Do Not Destroy Team\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.donotdestroy.com\\\/index\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2016\\\/01\\\/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.donotdestroy.com\\\/index\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2016\\\/01\\\/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.donotdestroy.com\\\/index\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2016\\\/01\\\/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png\",\"width\":120,\"height\":120,\"caption\":\"The Do Not Destroy Team\"},\"logo\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.donotdestroy.com\\\/index\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2016\\\/01\\\/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.donotdestroy.com\"],\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.donotdestroy.com\\\/index\\\/author\\\/admin5\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"796595373136297984 - Do Not Destroy","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.donotdestroy.com\/index\/796595373136297984-2\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"796595373136297984 - Do Not Destroy","og_description":"Illegal Voting by Non-Citizens in the U.S.: Facts, Statistics, and &hellip;","og_url":"https:\/\/www.donotdestroy.com\/index\/796595373136297984-2\/","og_site_name":"Do Not Destroy","article_published_time":"2025-10-06T02:29:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2026-01-31T21:54:37+00:00","author":"The Do Not Destroy Team","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"The Do Not Destroy Team","Est. reading time":"2 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.donotdestroy.com\/index\/796595373136297984-2\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.donotdestroy.com\/index\/796595373136297984-2\/"},"author":{"name":"The Do Not Destroy Team","@id":"https:\/\/www.donotdestroy.com\/index\/#\/schema\/person\/e94b0eb1b8ea31aa86611ece5b65514d"},"headline":"796595373136297984","datePublished":"2025-10-06T02:29:00+00:00","dateModified":"2026-01-31T21:54:37+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.donotdestroy.com\/index\/796595373136297984-2\/"},"wordCount":456,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.donotdestroy.com\/index\/#\/schema\/person\/e94b0eb1b8ea31aa86611ece5b65514d"},"keywords":["arkansas","biden","chatgpt","Conspiracy","conspiracy theories","democracy","democrats","Donald Trump","facts","fake news","hatred","illegal immigration","immigrants","Joe Biden","racism","Republicans","Trump","VOTE"],"articleSection":["Tumblr"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.donotdestroy.com\/index\/796595373136297984-2\/","url":"https:\/\/www.donotdestroy.com\/index\/796595373136297984-2\/","name":"796595373136297984 - Do Not Destroy","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.donotdestroy.com\/index\/#website"},"datePublished":"2025-10-06T02:29:00+00:00","dateModified":"2026-01-31T21:54:37+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.donotdestroy.com\/index\/796595373136297984-2\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.donotdestroy.com\/index\/796595373136297984-2\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.donotdestroy.com\/index\/796595373136297984-2\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.donotdestroy.com\/index\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"796595373136297984"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.donotdestroy.com\/index\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.donotdestroy.com\/index\/","name":"Do Not Destroy","description":"Culture-Forward\/ Brand-Backward\u2122","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.donotdestroy.com\/index\/#\/schema\/person\/e94b0eb1b8ea31aa86611ece5b65514d"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.donotdestroy.com\/index\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":["Person","Organization"],"@id":"https:\/\/www.donotdestroy.com\/index\/#\/schema\/person\/e94b0eb1b8ea31aa86611ece5b65514d","name":"The Do Not Destroy Team","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.donotdestroy.com\/index\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png","url":"https:\/\/www.donotdestroy.com\/index\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.donotdestroy.com\/index\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png","width":120,"height":120,"caption":"The Do Not Destroy Team"},"logo":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.donotdestroy.com\/index\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.donotdestroy.com"],"url":"https:\/\/www.donotdestroy.com\/index\/author\/admin5\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.donotdestroy.com\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10315","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.donotdestroy.com\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.donotdestroy.com\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.donotdestroy.com\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.donotdestroy.com\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10315"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.donotdestroy.com\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10315\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":27693,"href":"https:\/\/www.donotdestroy.com\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10315\/revisions\/27693"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.donotdestroy.com\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10315"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.donotdestroy.com\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10315"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.donotdestroy.com\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10315"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}